试论英国中世纪圣徒剧的演出和影响

On the Performance and Influence of Saints' Plays in England in the Middle Age

圣徒剧起源于10到11世纪的基督教仪式1,5世纪达到高潮,是中世纪宗教剧中数量最多、最有影响力的一个戏剧形式。露天的演出形式和舞台演出特技赋予了圣徒剧灵魂,并奠定了其繁荣的基础。宗教改革虽然结束了大多数圣徒剧的演出,但是圣徒剧皈依、殉道和奇迹的主题以及多重情节的结构形式对英国戏剧的发展仍然产生了深远的影响。

Saints＇ plays originated from Christian ritual in the 10th to llth century,and came to climax in the 15th century. They are not only the most numerous but also have the longest history in medieval religious plays. Open-air staging and theatrical stunt gave spirit to saints＇ plays, and laid the foundation for its prosperity. Although Reforma- tion put the end to the performance of most saints＇ plays, their theme of being converted to Buddhism, dying for the cause and miracle, and their multi-plot structurestill had a deep intluence on the development of British plays.