大豆浓缩磷脂中蛋白质及糖类脱除方法的研究

Research on the method of removing protein and carbohydrate from soybean lecithin concentrate

目的:研究脱除大豆浓缩磷脂中蛋白质及糖类的方法条件。方法:用石油醚和丙酮为溶剂对大豆浓缩磷脂中的蛋白质进行脱除,再用凯式微量定氮法测定蛋白质脱除量。考察磷脂脱蛋白过程中温度、溶剂比、料液比、时间各因素对蛋白脱除量的影响,并通过正交实验对脱除方法进行优化,得到最佳条件。同时用乙醇溶液作为溶剂对大豆浓缩磷脂中的糖类进行脱除,再用蒽酮比色法测定糖的脱除率,考察乙醇浓度、温度对脱除率的影响。结果:在温度为10℃,石油醚与丙酮的体积比为1∶1,料液比为1∶3,静置时间为1h时,蛋白脱除量为302.19 mg蛋白/100g浓缩磷脂;在温度为25℃,乙醇浓度为50%时脱糖率最大,达到81.52%。结论:在上述条件下,脱除蛋白质和糖类后的大豆浓缩磷脂较原料磷脂在透明度上有很大改善。

Objective：To study the method of removing protein and carbohydrate from soybean lecithin concentrate.Methods：The removing protein from Soybean Lecithin concentrate was carried out by petroleum ether and acetone,then detect the protein by Kjeldahl micro-nitrogen determination.The impact of factors such as temperature,solvent ratio,the ratio of the materials,and the time to the amount of removing protein during the removal process was inspected,and the Removal Methods was optimized by orthogonal experiment to get the best conditions.At the same time the carbohydrates was removed from soybean Lecithin concentrate with ethanol,then detect the carbohydrates by Anthrone colorimetric method.The impact of ethanol concentration and temperature to the removal rate was inspected.Results： The best conditions were obtained： the temperature was 10℃, the solvent ratio was1：1（petroleum ether： acetone）,the ratio of material and solvent was 1：3,static time was 1h.The removal amount of protein from Lecithin was 302.19 mg per 100 g Lecithin under these conditions.And it was found that the rate of carbohydrates removal was the best,reached 81.52% when the temperature was 25℃,the ethanol concentration was 50 percent.Conclusion：Under these conditions,soybean Lecithin concentrate which has removed protein and carbohydrate has been improved greatly in transparency than materials.