现代西方权利理论的三重证成维度及其启示

The Three Dimensions of Justification in the Rights Theory of the West and their Enlightenment

现代西方权利理论存在着三重证成维度,一是经由以古典自然法思想中以人类理性为中心的有关权利论证理论,它所形成的是对权利的道德评判与理性解释的权利证成方式;二是由法律实证主义开创的权利的规范分析与实证的解释传统;三是由法律社会学或者社会法学学者所形成的从个人到社会的社会学解释路线。这三重解释维度虽然有其自身的社会历史背景,但对于当代中国权利理论的形成与发展,甚至当代中国权利制度的建构均充满了解释的张力和影响,是中国当代权利理论形成的重要理论根源。

There are three dimensions of justification in the rights theory of the West.The first is about the justification of rights based on human rationality in the idea of the classical natural law,which formed the mode of justified rights for a rational explanation and a moral criticism of rights.The second is the standard analysis of rights initiated by legal positivism and the interpretive tradition of positivism.The third is the sociological approach from the individual to the society adopted by legal sociology or sociologists.Though the three interpretive dimensions have their respective social and historical backgrounds,they have become one important theoretical source which has exerted much influence on the formation and development of the rights theory of contemporary China and the construction of the rights system in contemporary China.