盐碱地养虾池塘养殖期间细菌组成分析

Bacterial flora composition and its dynamics in shrimp pond during the culture period of Litopenaeus vannamei

对天津地区盐碱地凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）养殖池塘的细菌种类和垂直变化规律进行了研究。结果表明：池塘中细菌总数维持在2.4×10^3-8.5×10^5cfu/mL之间,弧菌总数维持在1.75×10^2-2.3×10^5cfu/mL之间,细菌总数和弧菌总数分别在8月份和9月份达到高峰。反硝化细菌总数维持在3.4×10^4-2.8×10^5cfu/mL之间,硫酸盐还原菌总数维持在2.9×10^2-7.5×10^4cfu/mL之间,氨化细菌总数维持在1.2×10^2-7.0×10^4cfu/mL之间。养殖水体中共检测到13种细菌,养殖前期弧菌属、产碱菌属、棒杆菌属为优势菌群;养殖中期产碱菌属、弧菌属、气单胞菌属、肠杆菌科为优势菌群;养殖后期弧菌属、气单胞菌属、噬纤维菌属为优势菌群。通过多样性指数分析表明,7月份细菌多样性指数最高,9月份细菌多样性指数最低。

The species and vertical movement pattern of bacteria was studied in shrimp-cultured saline-alkaline pond in Tianjin.The results were as following：the amount of bacteria remained between 2.4×103 and 8.5×10^5 cfu/mL,the amount of Vibrio remained between 1.75×10^2 and 2.3×10^5 cfu/mL,the amount of bacteria and Vibrio got to the peak in August and September,respectively.The amount of denitrifying bacteria remained between 3.4×10^4 and 2.8×10^5 cfu/mL,the amount of sulfate-reducing bacteria remained between 2.9×10^2 and 7.5×10^4 cfu/mL,and the amount of ammonifying bacterium remained between 1.2×10^2 and 7.0×10^4 cfu/mL.There were 13 kinds of bacteria were examined in the shrimp-cultured pond.Vibrio,Alcaligenes and Corynebacterium were the mainly species in the earlier period,and Alcaligenes,Vibrio,Aeromonas and Enterobacteriaceae were the mainly species in the intermediate period,and Vibrion,Aeromonas and Cytophaga were the mainly species in the later period.The bacteria diversity index were highest in July and lowest in September.