湘云鲫2号肌肉营养成分和氨基酸组成分析

Nutritional Component and Amino Acid Composition of Muscle in an Improved Triploid Crucian Carp

利用鱼类远缘杂交和雌核发育相结合的方法获得了改良四倍体鲫鲤(G×AT)并培育出改良二倍体红鲫(IRCC),两者交配制备出一种改良三倍体鲫鱼—湘云鲫2号(ITCC).运用生化分析方法对湘云鲫2号及其父母本的含肉率以及肌肉营养成分和氨基酸质量分数进行了定量分析.结果表明:湘云鲫2号含肉率高达50.37%,肌肉中蛋白质质量分数为19.65%,水分质量分数为77.09%,脂肪质量分数为2.14%,灰分质量分数为1.23%;肌肉干样中氨基酸总质量分数为77.79%,人体必需氨基酸质量占氨基酸总质量的25.26%,4种呈味氨基酸质量占氨基酸总质量的32.49%.通过对比湘云鲫2号与其父母本肌肉中氨基酸成分,发现4种呈味氨基酸含量远远高于其父母本中相应的4种氨基酸含量,同时也远远高于其他许多淡水鱼类.综合分析表明湘云鲫2号是一种高蛋白、低水分、氨基酸含量丰富、营养价值高的优质淡水鱼类.相关营养指数为湘云鲫2号良种种质标准提供了依据.

An improved triploid crucian carp（ITCC） was produced by crossing improved tetraploids（G×AT） with improved red crucian carp（IRCC）,which were obtained by distant crossing and gynogenesis.By using biochemistry method,the nutritional component and amino acid composition were quantitative analyzed in ITCC and their parents.The results indicate that the muscle content of ITCC is 50.37%,and the protein,moisture,fat and gray contents in the muscle is 19.65%,77.09%,2.14% and 1.23%,respectively.The total amino acid content of ITCC muscle（dry sample） is 77.79%,while the essential amino acids（EAA） content is 25.26%,and the content of delicious amino acid is 32.49%.The content of four delicious amino acids in ITCC is higher than that of their parents and many other freshwater fishes.Comprehensive analyses indicate that ITCC is a high quality fresh water fish with high protein,low moisture and rich amino acids characteristics.These relevant indexes of nutrition provided scientific basis for the variety standard of ITCC.