马克思主义生态哲学思想探微

On Marxist Ecological Philosophy

马克思和恩格斯并不是生态学家,但他们对人与自然关系的历史唯物主义描述却有深刻的生态哲学内涵。他们认为,人与自然是内在统一的,人是自然界的一部分,自然是人的无机的身体,人与自然的关系是一种实践基础上"为我而存在"的关系。如果将人与自然对立,征服自然必然会招致自然的惩罚,生态危机的根源在于资本主义的生产方式,只有在共产主义社会才能实现人与自然、人与人、人与自身的和谐共生。

Marx and Engels are not ecologists,but there is profound philosophy connotation of ecology in their description of the relationship between man and the Nature.They think,man is a part of nature,there are inherent unity between man and the nature,and the relationship between them is 'for-me relation'.However,if human beings are opposite from nature,the nature will punishes humans for their destruction.The sources of the ecological crisis are the capitalist mode of production,and only the Communist Society can fulfill the harmony between man and nature.