女性性受害者心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

Analyses of mental health status and influencing factors in female sexual victims

目的探讨女性性受害者心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法对102名女性性受害者采用症状自评量表、领悟社会支持量表、特质应对方式问卷、自我接纳问卷和一般自我效能感量表进行测评分析。结果女性性受害者症状自评量表各因子分均显著高于国内常模（P〈0．01）；女性性受害者领悟社会支持量表总分和家庭外支持维度评分均与症状自评量表总分及因子分呈显著正相关，家庭内支持维度评分与症状自评量表总分及躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性因子分呈显著正相关（P〈0.05或0．01）；特质应对方式问卷消极应对维度评分与症状自评量表人际关系、抑郁、敌对因子分呈显著负相关，积极应对维度评分与症状自评量表总分及躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子分呈显著正相关（P〈0．05或0．01）；自我接纳问卷的自我接纳维度评分与症状自评量表人际关系、抑郁因子分呈显著负相关，自我评价维度评分与症状自评量表总分及人际关系、抑郁、偏执、精神病性因子分呈显著正相关（P〈0.05或0．01）；一般自我效能感量表评分与症状自评量表人际关系、抑郁、精神病性因子分呈显著正相关（P〈0.05或0．01）。结论女性性受害者心理健康水平低于普通人群，其社会支持、积极应对、自我评价、自我效能感对心理健康有负面影响，自我接纳、消极应对能改善人际关系及抑郁情绪。

Objective To explore the mental health status and influencing factors of female sexual victims. Methods Assessments were conducted with the Symptom Checklist （SCL-90）, the Perceived Social Sup- port Scale （PSSS）, the Trait Coping Style Questionnaire （TCSQ）, the Self-acceptance Questionnaire （SAQ） and the General Self-efficacy Scale （GSES） in 102 female sexual victims. Results Each factor score of the SCL-90 was significantly higher in the female sexual victims than the national norm （P 〈0.01）. The total and support out of family score of the PSSS were positively related to the total and factor score of the SCL-90, the family support score was positively related to the total, somatization, depression, anxiety, phobia and psychotic score （P〈0.05 or 0.01） ; negative coping score of the TCSQ was significantly negatively related to interpersonal relation, depression and hostility, positive coping significantly positively to somatization, coercion, interpersonal relation, depression, anxiety, phobia, paranoia and psychotic （P〈0.05 or 0.01） ; self-acceptance score of the SAQ was significantly positively related to interpersonal relation and depression, self-evaluation significantly negatively to interpersonal relation, depres- sion, paranoia and psychotic （P〈0.05 or 0.01） ; the score of the GSES was significantly positively related to interpersonal relation, depression and psychotic （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusion Mental health levels are lower in female sexual victims than in general population, their social support, positive coping, self-evaluation, self efficacy have a negative impact of mental health, and self-acceptance and negative coping can improve interpersonal relation and depression emotion.