北京“三山五园”地区景观历史性变迁分析

Analysis of the Landscape Historical Transition of "Three Hills and Five Gardens" Region in Beijing

梳理历史文献和以往研究成果,综合"三山五园"地区核心园林鼎盛时规模以及外围环境涵盖的范围,划定了"三山五园"地区的四至范围。搜集了多张历史地图,并结合同时期文献完善地图信息,根据地形图统一坐标和比例尺,予以改绘。将景观划分为古典园林、水体、农田、林地、建筑、道路、其他7个类型,分析4个代表年份间各景观类型的面积变化以及相互转化情况,揭示"三山五园"地区景观变迁的过程与驱动力,为园林的整体保护和可持续发展提供有益的借鉴。

By reviewing historical documents and previous research,and matching the scale of the ＂Three Hills and Five Gardens＂ region in the period of great prosperity and the scope of its external environment,the delimitation of the ＂Three Hills and Five Gardens＂ region is defined.Multiple historical maps are collected and repainted with unifying coordinates and scale under the same topographic map after completing map information with the same period literature.The landscape is divided into seven types which are gardens,water,farmland,woodland,buildings,roads and other types.Area changes of different landscape types and transformation between various types of landscape are analyzed at four representative years.The process and driving force of landscape change is revealed,which provide useful experiences for the overall protection and sustainable development of the ＂Three Hills and Five Gardens＂ region.