广西2县农村老年妇女贫血流行病学调查研究

Epidemiological investigation of anemia among elderly women from rural areas in Guangxi Province

目的掌握广西农村地区老年妇女贫血流行病学特征及其影响因素,为制定干预措施,改善农村老年妇女贫血状况,降低贫血患病率提供科学依据。方法采用病例对照研究,参考2002年广西居民营养与健康状况调查项目的研究结果,选择天等县和巴马县作为调查点,对两地50~75岁农村老年妇女进行血红蛋白（Hb）筛查和基本健康状况询问,将Hb〈120g/L的妇女纳入病例组,Hb≥130g/L纳入对照组。对研究对象的一般状况、健康和生活状况进行问卷凋查,并测定相关血液生化指标。结果共调查420例贫血患者和419例对照,病例组Hb为（111.3±7.3）g/L,对照组为（138.5±7.4）g/L。病例组的年龄、民族、收入、食物开支、体重、BMI、腰围及怀孕次数等与对照组差异有显著性意义。病例组和对照组白蛋白分别为（46.3±3.1）g/L、（47.1±2.9）g/L,血清铁分别为（13.4±6.6）μmol/L（、14.8±5.7）μmol/L,血清铁蛋白分别为（145.8±109.5）ng/mL（、171.4±116.8）ng/mL,总铁结合力分别为（54.7±10.7）μmol/L（、57.7±8.6）μmol/L,P〈0.01。多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示,少数民族、BMI的OR值分别为2.01和0.69。结论广西农村地区老年贫血妇女食物消费、体格状况和相关血液指标均较低,少数民族和BMI为贫血的影响因素。

Objective To understand the epidemiological status and related risk fatctors of anemia from rural elderly women in Guangxi in order to provide scientific basis for the preventive measures to reduce anemia.Methods According to the result of Guangxi nutrition and health survey in 2002,using case-control study method the women aged 50-75 years from two counties of Tiandeng and Bama were selected as study objects.The value of blood hemoglobin（Hb） in the objects was measured.The women with Hb value120g/L were assigned to case group,and the women with Hb value≥130g/L were assigned to control group.The questionnaire surey about health information and life style in the objects was undertaken,and other related blood indexes were also tested.Results Four hundred and twenty anaemia cases and 419 matched controls were investigated.The Hb values in case group and control group were（111.3±7.3）g/L and（138.5±7.4）g/L,respectively.The age,nationality,income,food expenses,body weight,BMI,waist circumference and pregnant frequency were significantly different between two groups.The quantities of albumin,serum iron,and ferritin,as well as the total iron binding capacity in case group and control group were（46.3±3.1）g/L and（47.1±2.9）g/L;（13.4±6.6）μmol/L,and（14.8±5.7）μmol/L;（145.8±109.5）ng/mL,and（171.4±116.8）ng/mL;（54.7±10.7）μmol/L,and（57.7±8.0）μmol/L,respectively,There was a significant difference between two groups（P0.01）.Multifactor conditioned logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratios（OR） for anemia in minority nationalities and BMI were 2.01 and 0.69,respectively.Conclusions The food consumption,physical condition and other related blood indexes from elderly women with anemia in rural areas of Guangxi were lower than those in control group.The minority nationalities and BMI were risk fatctors of anemia.