北方水稻种质资源氮素利用特性分析

Analyses on Characteristics of Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Northern Rice Germplasm Resources

以北方地区代表性水稻种质资源129份为试材,通过对植株、产量性状及氮素含量的调查和测定,研究不同氮肥水平下各种质资源氮素利用特性,并进行归类。结果表明,参试种质资源按照氮素吸收利用特性可以分为4大类。第一类包括38个品种,属于氮生理利用率和氮收获指数较低,氮吸收力、氮农学利用率和氮吸收利用效率都较高,并且在不同氮肥条件下差异较大的品种类型;第二类27个品种,在中氮条件下籽粒和茎叶含氮率较高、氮收获指数和氮生理利用率较低,高氮和中氮间氮吸收力和氮吸收利用效率差异较小的品种类型。第三类33个品种,在低氮和中氮间籽粒含氮率、氮收获指数、氮生理利用率差异较小的品种类型;第四类31个品种,属于茎叶含氮率、氮农学利用率和氮吸收利用效率较低,籽粒含氮率和氮收获指数较高的品种类型。

Taking 129 northern rice germplasm resources as test materials, characteristics of nitrogen absorption and utilization were investigated by the measurement of plant, yield and nitrogen contents. The results show that the tested 129 northern rice germplasm resources were divided into four major categories in accordance with characteristics of nitrogen absorption and utilization. The first category included 38 varieties of the type with lower physiological utilization efficiency of nitrogen （PNUE） and harvest index of nitrogen （NHI）, higher nitrogen absorption ability （NAA）, nitrogen agronomic utilization efficiency and agronomic absorption efficiency of nitrogen, and larger difference in NAUC between different nitrogen conditions. The second category included 27 varieties of the type which had higher N% in straw （SN%）and N% in grain （GN%）, lower NHI and PNUE under middle nitrogen fertilizer condition, and little difference in NAA and ANUE between high-nitrogen condition and middlenitrogen condition. The third category includes 33 varieties belonging to the type with little difference between middle-nitrogen condition and low-nitrogen condition in GN%, NHI and PNUE. The fourth category includes 31 varieties belonging to the type with lower SN%, ANUE and ANAE, higher GN% and GN%.