国际社会传统医药非物质文化遗产保护现状与展望

Status and prospect of protection of intangible cultural heritage--traditional medicine in the interna- tional social community

20世纪70年代，世界卫生组织已开始关注传统医药问题，并认识到传统医药的文化根基。联合国教科文组织1973年开始有关非物质文化遗产的规范活动，2003年通过了《非物质文化遗产公约》，非物质文化遗产的范畴不断拓展。将传统医药纳入非物质文化遗产的实践始于2003年，至今国际上已有两个传统医药项目进人《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。目前，非物质文化遗产活动得到了许多拥有丰富传统文化资源国家的重视与支持，成员国和代表作名录的数量迅速增长。非物质文化遗产公约的宗旨可以为传统医药的文化根基提供保护，推动传统医药核心文化理念的传承与振兴，是未来实现传统医药可持续发展的一个新途径。

In the 1970s, the World Health Organization （WHO） began to focus on traditional medicine and realized the cultural foundation of it. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization （UNESCO） began the work of standardization of intangible cultural heritage in 1973 and in 2003 the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage was approved. The categories of intangible cultural heritage kept on increasing and the adoption of traditional medicine began in 2003. Till now, two traditional medical items have been included in The Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Now intangible cultural heritage has been emphasized and supported by many countries rich in cultural resources. The number of member states and items in the list increased rapidly. The aim of The Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, protecting the cultural foundation of traditional medicine and promoting the inheritance and revitalization of core cultural conception in traditional medicine, is a new way for sustainable development of traditional medieine in the future.