脂肪酸酯的均相催化制备的研究

Study on Homogeneous Catalysis for Preparation of Fatty Acid Esters Through Transesterication

研究了天然油脂与甲醇、乙醇、丁醇进行酯交换的反应。发现在无水体系中 ,实现均相催化是反应顺利进行和提高脂肪酸酯收率的关键。棉籽油和甲醇 ,用 1 %的 Na OH实现均相催化 ,常温常压下 ,甲酯收率可达 98% ;随着油碳链和醇碳链的增长 ,适当提高反应温度、增加 Na OH用量 ,酯交换反应都可以收到较好效果。讨论了在均相催化条件下 ,酯交换反应的条件和影响因素。

It was found that the key to transesterification of natural fats and oils with methanol and other lower alcohols for preparing fatty acid esters is homogeneous catalysis with NaOH 1% (based on the oil wt.)the yield of fatty acid methyl ester was 98% at ambient temperature and atomspheric pressure(MeOH cotton oil wt.ratio 6∶1,and reaction temperatare 20～40℃).As the carbon chain of alcohols prolongs,reaction temperature and NaOH as catalyst are suitably increased.a good yield of fatty acid esters will also be obtained.