以商谈求共识:行政决策听证中公共意愿的形成

Communicating for Consensus:the Formation of Public Opinion in Public Administrative Decision Hearing

在当前利益主体多元化、利益矛盾加剧的背景下,推进和完善行政决策听证需要解决的一个关键性问题,在于如何协调差异和矛盾,聚集民意,以便为政府决策提供价值前提。协商共识理论为深化行政决策听证的研究提供了新的指向;行政决策听证的功能在于为理性论辩提供建制化空间以集结民意,制约行政决策;在听证议题的形成、听证代表的遴选、话语规范的确立及其制度保障等主要环节中,通过制度程序的建构,排除权力和金钱的侵入,在平等协商对话中整合利益,集结公共意愿。

In the context of interests pluralism with some fierce conflict,it is critical that government should know how to eliminate unequal,assemble public demanding and found value precondition of decision for improving system of public decision hearing.This paper reviews three kinds of theory about formation of public interests including public choice theory,communitarian theory and deliberative consensus theory,and concludes that deliberative consensus theory is a new perspective for improving public administrative decision hearing.Then,it holds that public administrative decision hearing can provide an institutionalized room for gathering public opinion and restricting administrative decision.Finally,it explores how to keep power and money form interfering communication in several important aspects,such as forming theme,selecting delegates,creating consensual discourse norm and institution in order to integrate public interests and gather public opinion.