昂丹司琼联合地塞米松防治老年肿瘤患者化疗所致恶心呕吐的疗效观察

A curative effect observation on Ondansetron combined with dexamethasone to prevent and treat the nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy for elderly tumor patients

目的评价昂丹司琼联合地塞米松防治老年肿瘤患者高致吐性化疗药物所致恶心呕吐的疗效及不良反应。方法以我院2007年1月至2010年6月期间收治需行化疗的老年肿瘤患者67例为观察对象,采用随机对照的方法,观察昂丹司琼联合地塞米松防治高致吐性化疗药物(顺铂、奥沙利铂、环磷酰胺、表柔比星)所致恶心呕吐的疗效及不良反应。结果昂丹司琼联合地塞米松治疗老年肿瘤患者高致吐性化疗药物所致急性呕吐控制率88.6%,延迟性呕吐控制率为71.4%,治疗后观察6 d期间总的有效率74.3%,均好于单用昂丹司琼,且能有效控制II级以上恶心的发生。不良反应主要表现为便秘,发生率为11.4%,对照组发生率为12.5%,未出现椎体外系反应及头痛。结论昂丹司琼联合地塞米松能有效防治老年肿瘤患者高致吐性化疗药物所致的恶心呕吐且不良反应轻微,耐受性好。

Objective To evaluate the curative effect and adverse reactions on Ondansetron combined with dexamethasone to prevent and treat the nausea and vomiting induced by high-emetogenic chemotherapy for aged tumor patients.Methods Take the 67 elderly tumors patients,who need chemotherapy,in our hospital from January 2007 to June 2010 as observed object,to observe the efficacy and adverse reactions with randomized controlled methods for Cisplatin,oxaliplatin,cyclophosphamide and epirubicin.Results The control rate of acute vomiting reaches 88.6%,delayed emesis control rate is 71.4%,and the overall efficiency rate of 6 days after treatment is up to 74.3%,which are better than Ondansetron alone,and the incidence of II level nausea is controlled effectively.Constipation is the main adverse reaction,the incidence rate is 11.4%.while that is 12.5% in the control group.Extrapyramidal system reaction and headache didn＇t appear.Conclusion The nausea and vomiting induced by high-emetogenic chemotherapy for elderly tumor patients can be controlled effectively with Ondansetron combined with dexamethasone and the adverse reactions are mild and well tolerated.