黔东南苗族树崇拜调查与研究

Investigation and Study on Tree Worship of the Miao Nationality in the South-East of the Guizhou Province

树崇拜是黔东南苗族人民的重要信仰之一,这和苗族的原始宗教和祖先起源传说有关。树崇拜的对象包括守寨树、龙脉树、风景林等"风水树",树崇拜的方式有祭拜、以树命名、树上悬挂吉祥物、认树为父等,所崇拜的树有全村寨的树、家族的树和个人的树。黔东南苗族树崇拜不仅是其精神信仰,而且还有强制约束力,这在客观上有利于古树及村容寨貌的保护,有利于生态环境的可持续发展,有利于人与自然的和谐共处。

Tree worship is one of the important beliefs of the Miao nationality.It is related to the primitive religion and the legend about the origin of the Miao people＇s ancestors.The objects of tree worship include the tree of protecting village,the tree of dragon vein,the landscape forest and so on,which are called ＂Feng Shui trees＂.The modes include sacrificing,being name by tree,hanging mascot on tree,making tree his father and so on.The worshiped trees include village＇s tree,family＇s tree and personal tree.Not only tree worship is the belief of the Miao nationality,but also it has the force,which is beneficial to protecting the old trees and the looks of village,to ecological environment in the sustainable development and to the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.