福建山药资源形态标记分析

Morphological markers of Dioscorea polystachya Turcz. Germ plasm resource in Fujian

用系统聚类法对15个农艺性状指标进行分析,构建遗传距离树状图,发现当绝对值距离在13～26时,34份山药资源根据地上部长势的强弱划分成2个大类;当绝对值距离在9～13时,生长势较弱的一类又可分为2个亚类,一类为有分枝具黄褐皮色的长状山药,另一类为棒状山药及参薯;绝对距离在8左右时,又可将棒状山药和参薯分开。综合形态标记和分子标记分析结果可知,两种方法均能将参薯和普通山药分开,且说明薯块类型可以作为山药分类的重要依据。

This study analyzed 15 agronomic trait indicators by hierarchical clustering method,and built inherit distance tree for Dioscorea polystachya Turcz.When the absolute value was between 13 and 26,34 D.polystachya Turcz.were divided into two categories according to their state of above ground growth.When the absolute value was between 9 and 13,the category of the poorer growth was further divided into two sub-categories：（a） the long D.polystachya Turcz.with branches and russet brown bark,and（b） rod-like D.polystachya Turcz.and lisbon yam.When the absolute value was around 8,the rod-like D.polystachya Turcz.and D.alata L.became distinguishable.The two methods could satisfactorily separate D.alata L.from the general D.polystachya Turcz.,according to the analytical results of comprehensive morphological and molecular markers.It also showed that the tuber type could be an important criterion for distinguishing different varieties of D.polystachya Turcz.