《聊斋》冯评对王评的接受与反拔

Accepting and Repelling of Wang Shizhen's View in Feng Zhenluan's Review of Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio

清代的《聊斋志异》评点,王士禛、冯镇峦是具有特别意义且联系最为紧密的两家。王评虽随兴所至,零散寥落,不成规模,却是挟文坛重望开风气之先,不止令是书荣耀一时,以"经典"身份公示于人,也引发了包括冯评在内的一股直至清末民初持续二百余年的《聊斋志异》评点浪潮。冯评则于王评百余年后继之而起,以小说评点派宗绪及其在人生际遇、文化品格等方面与蒲松龄的诸多相似而知音独赏,对《聊斋志异》的思想内涵尤其是艺术规律作了全面细致、深入系统的掘发,并针对王评提出了"太略"、"评语亦只循常,未甚搔着痛痒处"的批评意见,从而进一步在理论上确立了其千秋经典的地位。本文通过对两家评点及相关言论的分析比较,试图厘清其间接受与反拔并存、甚至接受多于反拔的复杂辩证关系,修正长期以来由于冯评基于特定立场的激烈言辞所造成的人们对二者关系和王评质量的误解。

Among reviewers of Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio,a novel in Qing dynasty,Wang Shizhen and Feng Zhenluan who are closely connected are especially significant and remarkable.Wang＇s reviews are casual and sporadic,but are enlightening,causing a wave of reviewing the novel which lasted more than 200 years from late Qing dynasty to early People＇s Republic of China.Feng＇s review is more than 100 years later.Feng had many commonalities with Pu Songling,the writer of the novel,in terms of life experience,education and personality.Therefore,he had a deep understanding of the connotation of the novel,and made an in-depth and systematic illustration of the novel,especially of the art rule.He criticized the over-simplicity and superficialness of Wang＇s review and further established his own classical position in theory.The writer of this article makes a comparative analysis of the two reviewers and their relevant viewpoints,in the hope of clarifying the complex dialectical relations between them and correcting the long-standing misunderstandings about the quality of Wang＇s review as well as the relations between the two,which were caused Feng＇s keen diction based on his peculiar standing point.