采煤沉陷区土壤成分变化研究——以潞安集团王庄煤矿为例

Variation of Soil Composition in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas

煤炭开采导致地表大面积沉陷、土壤肥力下降,从而影响耕地生产能力。通过对潞安集团王庄煤矿采煤沉陷区沉陷3年、6年的土壤成分进行对比分析研究,得出以下两点主要结论:①土壤养分有从沉陷地顶部向底部汇集的趋势,沉陷3年的沉陷地顶部和底部的土壤养分差别较大,而沉陷6年的沉陷地顶部和底部土壤养分差别不大;②沉陷3年的土壤和沉陷6年的土壤的pH值虽无大的变化,但其底部、中部、顶部电导率却存在显著差异,即沉陷地底部土壤有盐化趋势。依据研究结果,提出了改善土壤物理、化学性状等相应的土地整治策略。

Coal mining results in ground subsidence in large areas and decrease of soil fertility,thus,affecting the production capacity of cultivated lands.The paper conducts comparative analysis and study on 3-year and 6-year soil composition of coal mining subsidence areas of Wangzhuang Coal Mine of Lu'an Group and obtains the following two main conclusions: a) there is tendency of soil nutrient collecting from top to bottom of the subsidence areas.The difference of soil nutrient at the top and bottom of the 3-year subsidence areas is greater than that of the 6-year subsidence areas;b) although the variation of pH value of soil in the 3-year and the 6-year subsidence areas is not greatly,the electrical conductivity at the bottom,middle and top is obviously different,showing salinization trend of soil at the bottom of the areas.It puts forward relevant tactics of land reclamation for improving physiochemical properties of soil according to the results of study.