英美法系与大陆法系辩诉交易之比较与评论

The Comparison and Comment of Plea Bargaining in Civil Law System and Common Law System

辩诉交易起源于美国,但现在却被越来越多的大陆法系国家所移植效仿,成为刑事司法体制的重要组成部分。本文从辩诉交易的内涵着手,比较了两大法系在法律传统、检察官自由裁量权、法官地位、案件当事人的地位的差异。由于辩诉交易被应用范围的越来越广泛,也引发了对刑事审判结果的思考,辩诉交易制度的存在使得刑事审判结果在英美法系国家是可以商量的,而在大陆法系国家的定罪是不可以经过商量灵活处理的。辩诉交易在两大法系之间不断融合,差异越来越小。

Although plea bargaining originated in the US,but now it is beyond the limits,and more and more civil law system countries transplant it.So far,it has become the important component of criminal justice system.Due to the differences of legal tradition,prosecutor＇s discretion,the status of judge,the causes of plea bargaining in the specific procedures have a great deal distinctions.At the same time,the scope of application of plea bargaining also arouse a series of thoughts on the criminal trial results,such as the results can be discussed in civil law system countries,while they can not be handled flexibly.Plea bargaining continued integration between the two legal systems and the differences get smaller and smaller.