在“颓废”中“唯美”:20世纪中国文学的一种特异创作现象

"Aestheticism" amid "Decadence"—a Special Phenomenon of Writing in the 20th-century Chinese Literature

"颓废-唯美主义"是西方现代主义文学的重要艺术特质,当它借助"世纪末思潮"东渐并被本土化后便表现为一种贯穿整个20世纪中国的文学现象。艺术上的唯美主义,情感上的悲观主义,精神上的虚无主义,是20世纪中国颓废—唯美类文学的基本创作表征;就其本质而言,其创作只求超越但并不追求升华:用非升华的方式来解除源于社会的压抑,用艺术化的创造方式来实现人生之醉。由于它彰显出一种"美的偏至"的价值维度,所以只能脱逸出20世纪中国主流文学的轨道成为一种特异的现象性存在。

As an essential artistic trait of western modernism literature, ＂decadence -aestheticism＂ has become a literary phenomenon in China throughout the 20th century since its introduction to and ultimate adaptation in China by virtue of the eastward movement of ＂western ideological trends at the end of the 20th century. ＂ Generally speaking, literature of decadence - aestheticism in the 20th - century China is charac- terized by aestheticism in art, pessimism in sentiment and nihilism in spirit. As for its nature, literature of such a type aims to transcend rather than sublimate in its literary creation so as to relieve social depression in a non - sublime manner and to realize the intoxication of life in an artistic way. As such, literature of this category has become a unique phenomenon by deviating from the mainstay 20th - century Chinese literature because of its demonstration of a value dimension of ＂beauty to the extreme＂.