药食兼用植物玛咖引种种植品质分析及品种抗寒性比较

Quality Analysis of the Introduced Medicine-Food Dual Used Maca Plant and Comparison of the Cold Resistance among Varieties

【目的】通过全营养测试,比较引进种植南美玛咖的质量;对选育出的三个品种,以不同低温胁迫条件下,SOD酶活性及细胞膜透性变化的生理生化指标鉴定为主,比较三个品种抗寒能力,以便进行抗寒筛选。【方法】以引进种植南美玛咖的根磨成粉,与原产地种植的玛咖进行全营养测试,比较其质量;对筛选出的3个品种,研究在不同低温胁迫条件下,SOD酶活性及细胞膜透性变化,进行抗寒性比较研究。【结果】本地栽培玛咖的蛋白质含量是原产地的3.7倍;维生素含量均高于原产地的,尤其是VC的含量是原产地含量的3倍;微量元素除钾以外均高于原产地的;17种氨基酸均高于原产地的,氨基酸含量的总和是原产地玛咖的含量3倍多;本地栽培的玛咖无硬脂酸外,其它脂肪酸与原产地的含量相当。比较三个品种抗寒能力依次为黄色品种、黑色品种、红色品种。【结论】中和测试结果,引进种植的玛咖比原产地生产的玛咖质量要好,可进行生产栽培。3个品种电解质透出率及SOD酶活性在低温胁迫下与对照相比有明显的变化,抗寒性依次为黄色品种、黑色品种、红色品种。

【Objective】Through whole nutrition test,the quality of the introduced South American Maca was compared.For the three bred varieties,under different low temperature stress,focusing on the identification of the SOD enzyme activity and membrane permeability changes in physiological and biochemical indexes,the cold resistance of the three varieties is compared to conduct cold resistance screening.【Method】The root of the introduced South American Mara is grounded into powder,and together with the Maca produced from the origin,whole nutrition test are conducted.Quality is compared.For the three selected varieties, SOD activity and membrane permeability variations under different low temperature stress are studied and clod resistance comparative research is conducted.【Result】The protein content of the local cultivated Maca is 3.7 times of that of the origin;vitamin content is also higher that of the origin,especially the VC content is 3 times more of that of the origin;for microelements content,except for K,all are higher that of the origin,the content of the 17 amino acids are all higher that of the Maca origin;the total amino acid content is three times more than that of the origin;the local cultivated Maca has no stearic acid,the content of other fatty acids are similar with that of the origin.The comparison showed that the cold resistance of the three varieties is yellow variety,black variety,and red variety.【Conclusion】Analyzing the result, it showed that the quality of the introduced Maca is better than that of the origin,and is good for cultivation.The electrolyte leakage rate and SOD enzyme activity of the three varieties under low temperature stress has significant change compared with the control,and the cold resistance ability is yellow variety,black variety and red variety.