基于GIS的东宁县高保护价值森林景观格局分析

Landscape Patterns of High Conservation Value Forests in Dongning County,Heilongjiang Province

以黑龙江省东宁县1:50000林相图和二类调查数据作为基础,根据《黑龙江省高保护价值森林判定标准》,对东宁县高保护价值森林进行了判定和区划;利用ArcGIS和Fragstats软件,从景观格局的总体特征、景观要素形状特征、景观的异质性和多样性3方面对东宁县高保护价值森林的景观格局进行了分析。结果表明:①东宁县高保护价值森林总面积190 735 hm2,具有高保护价值1(HCV1)、高保护价值3(HCV3)、高保护价值4(HCV4)、高保护价值5(HCV5)和高保护价值6(HCV6),没有高保护价值2(HCV2);②东宁县高保护价值森林主要以天然林为主,其中蒙古栎林和阔叶混交林分别占总面积的30.17%和30.71%,斑块分布集中、形状复杂、边缘褶皱度高,景观多样性指数为1.983 8,景观异质性较高,有优势类型,蒙古栎林和阔叶混交林是研究区的优势景观类型;③东宁县高保护价值森林受人为干扰较多,景观结构不合理,要实现高保护价值森林的可持续发展,必须减少人为干扰,合理经营。

A study was conducted to identify and map high conservation value forests（HCVF） in Dongning County using the forest type map（1∶50 000） and Class II survey data of Dongning County as the basic information sources,according to the criterion of HCVF in Heilongjiang Province.The landscape patterns of HCVF in Dongning County were analyzed with ArcGIS and Fragstats in terms of overall landscape characteristics,landscape pattern index,landscape heterogeneity and diversity.Results showed that the total area of HCVF in Dongning County was 190 735 hm2,and HCVF exhibited biodiversity value,ecological service value as well as social and cultural values.HCVF in Dongning County were mainly natural forests,and oak forests and broad-leaved mixed forest accounted for 30.17 percent and 30.71 percent of the total area respectively.Patches with complicated shapes and high edge complexity were relatively concentrated.The index of the landscape diversity was 1.983 8,and the landscape heterogeneity was high.The oak forests and broad-leaved mixed forests were dominant landscape patterns.The HCVF in this area was heavily disturbed by human activities,and the landscape structure was unreasonable.Patch structures should be adjusted to meet the need of sustainable forest management.