小儿手足口病849例流行病学特征及临床分析

Epidemiological study and clinical analysis of 849 children with hand foot and mouth disease

目的:探讨小儿手足口病流行病学特征及临床特点,总结诊断和治疗经验,提高手足口病的疗效。方法:对2009年收治住院的849例手足口病病例进行流行病学、临床表现、治疗、转归分析。结果:发病年龄集中在5岁以下(97.29%),尤以3岁以下患儿发病率最高;男女比例为1.43∶1,男性患儿明显多于女性;发病从4～11月,高峰为7～9月;实验室诊断病例中,EV71占45.08%,CoxA16占38.34%;死亡病例均为EV71感染。结论:手足口病高发季节应做好疾病的防控工作,降低发病率,早期诊断和早期治疗是提高小儿手足口病疗效的关键。

Objective To discuss the epidemiological and clinical characters of children with hand foot and mouth disease（HFMD） and to summarize the experiences of diagnosis and treatment.Method Epidemiological and clinical data of hand foot and mouth disease children were summarized and analyzed.Results Most of the HFMD cases were children under 5 years old（97.29%）,the percentage of patients under 3 years old was 87.28%.The ratio between male and female cases was 1.43∶1,the incidence rate of male was significantly higher than the female.HFMD was appeared from April to December,the peak incidence occurred in July to September.In the cases with laboratory diagnosis,EV71 accounted for 45.08%,CoxA16 accounted for 38.34%.All deaths were infected by EV71.Conclusion Prevention and control should be strengthened in the epidemic season.Early diagnosis and early treatment are necessary.