成人注意缺陷多动障碍患者的执行功能

Executive function of adults with attention deficit and hyperactive disorder

目的:探讨我国汉族成人注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactive disorder,ADHD)患者的执行功能特点。方法:使用病例对照研究,对30名符合Conners'成人ADHD诊断会谈中ADHD诊断标准的门诊患者,24名年龄和受教育年限与之匹配的正常对照,进行执行功能任务测验(Stroop色词干扰、数字字母连线、数字广度、汉诺塔和流畅性测验),测查执行功能的抑制、转换、工作记忆、计划和流畅性等成分,比较两组差异。结果:成人ADHD患者在工作记忆任务测验(倒背数字数)表现差于正常成人,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但在抑制、转换、计划和流畅性任务测验中表现与正常成人差异无统计学意义。结论:本研究提示,中国汉族成人ADHD患者在工作记忆方面存在缺陷,而在抑制、转换、计划和流畅性方面无明显缺陷。

Objective： To explore the characteristic of executive function in Chinese Hun adults with attention deficit hyperactive disorder （ADHD）. Methods： This was a case-control study. Thirty adult outpatients were selected as the patient group who were diagnosed as ADHD according to the Conners＇Adult ADHD Diagnositc Interview for DSM-IV （CAADID）, and 24 normal adults were selected as the control group. Both groups were matched by age, gender, and years of education. All the subjects were asked to complete a battery of executive function tests, including Stroop color-word test, digit span test, trail making test, Tower of Hanoi task and a verbal fluency test, to tap their ability in the aspects of inhibition, shifting, working memory, planning and verbal fluency. Results： There were no differences between the ADHD group and the health controls in the above tests of executive function, except that the ADHD group performed poorer on the Digit span test compared with controls（P 〈 0. 05）. Condusion： The current study indicates that the adults with ADHD in Han Chinese show deficit not in the aspects of inhibition, shifting, olanning and verbal fluency, but in the aspect of working memory.