苹果果实裂果研究进展

Research Progress on Apple Fruit Cracking

综述了国内外苹果果实裂果的研究进展,从裂果发生的症状与时期、果实的解剖结构、水分条件、土壤条件、树体管理等方面阐明了苹果果实裂果发生的机理。结果表明:表皮细胞大、果实角质层薄,易于裂果;果实生长前期土壤含水量不足,果皮发育受到影响,果实发育后期久旱逢雨,果肉细胞迅速增大,易造成裂果。缺钙、钾矿质元素,易产生裂果。并提出了预防苹果果实裂果的技术措施。

The research progress on apple fruit cracking in China was summarized.The cracking mechanism was introduced from the aspects of symptom,occurrence period,anatomical structure of fruit,water,soil and tree management.The results indicated that the fruit was easy to crack with bigger epidermal cell and thinner fruit cuticle.The development of peel was influenced by the lack of soil moisture during the early growth stage of fruit,and the flesh cells increased rapidly during the late growth stage from drought to rain,which would cause fruit cracking.Fruit was easy to crack with lacking mineral elements such as calcium and potassium.The measures of preventing fruit from cracking were put forward.