真实学习:意义、特征、挑战与设计

Authentic Learning:Meaning,Characteristics,Challenge and Design

真实学习的理论观点和实践主张强调学生通过解决真实世界的问题进行学习,从而逐步发展信息时代所需要的多种能力。真实学习涉及学习者面对的问题和任务、结果或者产品、环境和过程等多个层面的真实性,因而给学校教育情境中的实现带来了巨大挑战。为应对这些挑战,教师在教学设计和实施过程中,可以采用重构学习单元、聚焦核心知识的理解与建构、将真实活动结构化、设计清晰的支持系统等策略,设计真实学习活动和学习支持系统。通过分析人如何与现代信息技术共存,将为运用信息技术促进真实学习的实现及整个学校学习的革新提供基础。

Learning by solving real world problems is the main claim from authentic learning theory and practice and such kind of learning can help develop various abilities for information age. Authentic learning finds its expression in the authenticity of problems and tasks dealt with, outcomes and products, leaning environments and processes, thus challenging the corresponding practices in schooling context. In exploring the ways to promote the authenticity of learning, teachers can reconstruct the learning units, focus on the construction and understanding of core knowledge, make the authentic activities more structured, and design well defined supporting system when they design and implement authentic learning activities with supporting system. And educational technology research can inform design of authentic learning and contribute to innovation of learning by analyzing how people co-exist with modern information technology in authentic setting.