胡渭《禹贡锥指》的研究方法与成就

Research Methods and Achievements of Hu Wei's Yu Gong Zhui Zhi

浙江大儒胡渭贯通经学,精熟舆地,撰有《禹贡》研究的集大成之作《禹贡锥指》二十卷。胡渭综合运用博征文献、援经证经、详度地势等多种研究方法,对《禹贡》的地理所涉及的同名异地、记载抵牾等问题作了合理深入的考辨推断,对蔡沈旧传讹误进行了系统彻底的梳理厘正,体现了胡氏深厚的文献功底和卓越的考据水准。然而,胡渭考据中也不可避免地存在一些问题,清人丁晏《禹贡锥指正误》对此多有匡正。

An expert in studies of Confucian classics as well as in geography during the Qing dynasty（1644-1911）,Hu Wei（1633-1714） is best known for his 20-volume Yu Gong Zhui Zhi（A Criticism of Yu Gong,1697）,a critical collection that addresses the geographical problems in the Chinese classic Shang Shu： Yu Gong.Based on literature reviews,documentation and topographical surveys,Hu makes an in-depth and reasonable study of the geographical issues in the latter,including the same names denoting different places and the contradictions in documentation;in addition,he systematically corrects the errors in the research by Cai Shen（1167-1230）,a Southern-Song（1127-1279） scholar in this field.While his work shows great expertise in literature and documentation in geography,Hu is not without mistakes in his documentation,as are pointed out and corrected by the later emendator Ding Yan（1794-1875） in his Yu Gong Zhui Zhi Zheng Wu（Mistakes and Errors in Yu Gong Zhui Zhi）.