山川参悟中的审美观照:《山海经》“山水”内质分析

An Aesthetic Perspective of the Landscape:On the Aesthetic Essence of "Landscapes" in Shan Hai Jing

中国传统山水审美意识的启蒙与完成经历了漫长的动态过程。与已有研究对《山海经》山水所作的"地理山水"、"神话山水"、"文化山水"的解读相比,审美经验的阐释路径使得《山海经》在中国传统独立山水意识诞生旅途上的意义更为明朗,《山海经》所蕴含的"山水"资源具有标本性的意义:《山海经》以空间引领时间的独特方式及山水审美张力的构建,实现了对审美经验的早期祛昧。尽管距离山水在魏晋时期所实现的审美独立还有一段距离,但《山海经》所提供的平等、包容的审美质素却为中国传统审美意识的独立作出了自身的贡献。

The traditional aesthetic consciousness of the landscape in China has undergone a long,dynamic process from its burgeon to fruition.Compared with previous interpretations of the landscapes described in Shan Hai Jing,＂geographically＂,＂mythologically＂ and ＂culturally＂,an aesthetic approach to this Chinese classic helps to highlight its significance in the history of traditional Chinese aesthetic consciousness of landscapes.In this way,the ＂landscape＂ resources in Shan Hai Jing will be an aesthetic sample,as they have fulfilled the initial demystification of aesthetic experience by means of the space-over-time narration and the construction of aesthetic tensions in landscape descriptions.Though there is still a long way for the work to the aesthetic consciousness in its real sense,a level not reached until the Wei and Jin dynasties（220-420）,Shan Hai Jing has made its due contributions to the development of traditional Chinese aesthetic consciousness with such aesthetic elements as equality and tolerance.