农村公路交通对水稻生理特性的影响

Effects of Rural Highway Traffic on Physiological Characteristics of O. sativa L.

[目的]研究农村公路交通对水稻(Oryza sativa L.)生理特性的影响。[方法]通过在公路边不同距离进行盆栽试验,测定水稻叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、叶片细胞质膜透性、游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量。[结果]农村公路交通对至路肩距离为10、50 m处水稻都有不同程度的影响,但至路肩距离150 m处污染相对较少。至路肩不同距离水稻的Pn、Gs、Tr和可溶性糖含量为150 m>10 m>50 m,叶片细胞质膜透性为50 m>10 m>150 m,而Ci和游离脯氨酸含量随距离增大而变小。[结论]该研究可为提高水稻产量和品质及制定农作物生产区规划提供科学依据。

[Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of rural highway traffic on physiological characteristics of O.sativa L..[Method] Through the potted experiment of different distance to road,net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,stoma-opening degree（Gs）,intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci）,transpiration rate（Tr）,cytoplasmic membrane permeability,free proline content and soluble sugar content in O.sativa L.leaves were studied.[Result] The results showed that the rural highway traffic had different effects on the potted O.sativa L.of distance to road shoulder 10,50 m,but had less effects on the potted O.sativa L.of distance to road shoulder 150 m.The net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stoma-opening degree and soluble sugar content in O.sativa L.of different distance to road shoulder was 150 m10 m50 m,cytoplasmic membrane permeability was 50 m10 m50 m,and intercellular CO2 concentration and free proline content decreased with increasing distance.[Conclusion] The study can provide the scientific basis for improving the yield and quality of O.sativa L.and planning the crop production area.