滨海木麻黄林下3种乡土树种苗木的生长及其影响因素

The Growth and Influencing Factors of Three Native Tree Species in Coastal Casuarina equisetifolia Plantation

[目的]研究海南3种乡土树种肖槿(Thespesia lampas)、海棠果(Calophyllum inophyllum)、莲叶桐(Hernandia sonora)在海岸木麻黄林下的生长状况及与环境因子的关系。[方法]对定植肖槿、海棠果、莲叶桐植株的滨海沙土进行了添加木屑、蔗渣及空白对照处理,分析定植1年后3种乡土树种的生长状况。[结果]①1年的生长期后,各树种生长指标表现为存活率肖槿>莲叶桐>海棠果、基径净增长量莲叶桐>肖槿>海棠果、株高净增长量肖槿>海棠果>莲叶桐。肖槿和海棠果存活率差异极显著,海棠果和莲叶桐的存活率差异也达显著水平,而肖槿和莲叶桐的存活率差异不显著;肖槿、海棠果、莲叶桐株高1年净增长量均达到极显著差异,基径净增长量只有肖槿和海棠果的差异显著。②不同土壤处理下,添加木屑、蔗渣处理的肖槿、海棠果、莲叶桐存活率大于对照处理,且添加木屑与添加蔗渣的肖槿存活率与对照处理间的差异均达到显著水平,而添加木屑和蔗渣这2种处理间的差异不显著。③3种苗木生长指标与环境因子都有一定的相关性(|r|>0.3),其中肖槿存活率与土壤pH值、土壤水分相关性较高,基径、株高与土壤pH值、土壤温度有一定的相关性;海棠果存活率与土壤pH值、土壤温度、光照强度相关性均较高,基径、株高都与土壤温度有一定的相关性;莲叶桐存活率与土壤盐度、土壤温度相关性均较高,基径、株高都与土壤温度有一定的相关性。肖槿、海棠果、莲叶桐的基径与株高的相关性均较高(r>0.5),且均达显著水平。[结论]在木麻黄林下1年生长期内,肖槿苗木生长状况最好,是与木麻黄混交最有潜力的树种。

[Objective] The aim was to study the growth and environment factors of three native tree species（Thespesia lampas,Calophyllum inophyllum and Hernandia sonora） in Hainan in coastal Casuarina equisetifolia plantation.[Method] The coastal sandy soil was treated by adding wood chips,bagasse and the control without adding anything in the plant pits.The growth of three native tree species planted for one year was analyzed.[Result] ① One year later,the survival rate showed an order of T.lampasH.sonoraC.inophyllum;the net increase of basal diameter showed an order of H.sonoraT.lampasC.inophyllum;while the net increase of height showed an order of T.lampasC.inophyllumH.Sonora.The difference of survival rate between T.lampas and C.inophyllum was extremely significant,the difference of survival rate between H.sonora and C.inophyllum was significant,but the survival rate between T.lampas and H.Sonora showed no significant difference.② Among different soil treatments,the survival rate of three native tree species in the treatment by adding wood chips,bagasse were higher than the treatment without adding anything,and the difference of survival rate of T.lampas between the treatment by adding wood chips,bagasse and the treatment without adding anything was extremely significant,but the treatment by adding wood chips and bagasse had not significant difference.③ The growth of three native tree species showed some correlation with environment factors（∣r∣0.3）.The survival rate of T.lampas showed higher correlation with soil pH value and soil moisture,and the basal diameter and height of T.lampas showed some correlation with soil pH value and soil temperature.The survival rate of C.inophyllum showed higher correlation with soil PH value,soil temperature and light intensity,while the basal diameter and height of C.inophyllum showed some correlation with soil temperature.The survival rate of H.sonora showed higher correlation with soil salinity and soil temperature,while the basal diameter and height of H.sonora showed some correlation with soil temperature.The basal diameter and height of three native tree species had higher correlation（r0.5）,which had reached a significant level.[Conclusion] In the one-year growth period in C.equisetifolia forest,the native tree species of T.lampas grew best and it was the most potential forest species mixed with C.equisetifolia.