油田注汽锅炉爆管原因分析及预防措施

Causes of boiler tube burst and preventive measures.

在简述了油田注汽锅炉的工作流程后,分析了注汽锅炉爆管的四种原因,即(1)蒸汽干度超过85%,造成锅炉辐射段内炉管过热而爆裂;(2)炉膛内火焰偏离中心线造成火焰扫擦辐射段内炉管,炉管因局部过热而爆裂;(3)锅炉给水含氧过高造成炉管氧腐蚀而形成许多小孔;(4)锅炉给水硬度偏高造成给水预热器内管和对流段内管结垢而爆裂。在分析爆管原因的基础上提出了相应的预防措施。

The operating flow of boilers for steam flooding in oil fields is introduced briefly, and the four causes of boiler tube burst are analyzed, i.e.(1)the dryness fraction of steam being over 85%, resulting in overheat and burst of the tube in the radiation section; (2)the flame in the furnace sweeping the tube in the radiation section, resulting in local overheat and burst of the tube; (3)many small holes formed in the tube owing to the oxygen erosion of the tube resulted from high oxygen content in the feedwater;(4)the hardness of the feedwater being high slightly, resulting in scaling and burst of the inner tube of the feedwater heater and the inner tube in the convection section. Relevant preventive measures are proposed on the basis of the previous analysis.