“几何”曾经不是几何学 明末“几何”及相关学科命名新探

The Chinese Term "Ji He" Once Did Not Mean Geometry New Research on Ji He and Related Subjects of Late Ming Dynasty

徐光启和利玛窦一起翻译了《几何原本》,这是一个中西数学、科学甚至文化首次实质性交流的重大历史事件。然而学界目前对"几何"的中西来源及其含义以及与之相关学术的研究颇多值得商榷之处。本文从已有研究出发,通过对原始文献的详细解读,对"几何"、"几何府"、"几何家"、"几何之学"、"几何原本"等词汇的来源和含义提出了与以往不同的观点。

Xu Guangqi and Matteo Ricci have translated Euclid＇s Elements into Chinese, which was a significant historical event that symbolizes the substantive communication between China and the West in mathematics, science, and culture for the first time. However, present research on the Chinese and the western origins and their meanings of the term ＂Ji He＂ （ fL,~ ） and related subjects of late Ming Dynasty in academic circle leaves a lot of questions which need to be discussed. Based on the present research, through detailed explanation of original documents, we find that, these words or subjects have different origins and meanings