精神病患者自杀未遂临床分析及护理对策

A clinical analysis and nursing of attempted suicide in psychiatric patients

目的:分析精神病患者自杀未遂的临床资料,探讨预防、护理措施。方法:对80例自杀未遂患者病历进行了回顾性分析,归纳了他们的疾病类型、自杀原因、自杀方式。结果:疾病类型:抑郁症自杀未遂者70例,占87.5%;精神分裂症、抑郁状态10例,占12.5%。自杀方式:服用过量药物32例,占40%;割腕19例,占23.8%;自伤11例,占13.8%;喝农药和自缢各7例,各占8.8%;放煤气4例,占5%。自杀原因:情感障碍72例,精神病性症状8例。结论:对有自杀未遂史、抑郁心境患者及早干预;增加家属和社会对患者的支持,激励患者提高生活信心;提高患者服药依从性;加强康复治疗与社会技能训炼,可预防和降低精神病自杀未遂者再次发生自杀行为。

Objective：To analyze the clinical data of attempted suicide in psychiatric patients and to explore the prevention and nursing measures.Methods：80 cases of attempted suicide patient＇s medical records were retrospectively analyzed,summarized their type of disease,causes of suicide,suicide methods.Results：Depression were 70 cases of attempted suicide,accounting for 87.5%;10 cases of Schizophrenia depression,accounting for 12.5%.The methods of suicide were 32 cases of drugs overdose,accounting for 40%;vein cut in 19 cases,accounting for 23.8%,self-injury in 11 cases,accounting for 13.8%,drink some pesticide and the hanging of 7 cases,each accounting for 8.8%.Conclusion：Early intervention for the patients with the history of attempted suicide,mood of depression,increasing family and social support to patients,encouraging patients to improve the confidence of life;improving patient medication compliance;enhancing the social function of rehabilitation treatment and exercise can prevent and reduce the suicidal behavior recurrence of Psychiatric patients.