东晋的玄学新义及其对玄言诗的影响

The New Standpoint of the Metaphysics and the Impact on the XuanYan Poem in the Eastern Jin Dynasty

永嘉南渡之后,玄学在东晋时期产生了新的变化。反映在学术思想上,主要是玄释合流带给玄学原有概念的变化,以及对逍遥论的新解等方面,由此也揭示了东晋时期,玄学开始让位于佛学的趋势;反映在文学发展上,最大的变化就是出现了所谓的佛理玄言诗。士人通过玄言诗这种形式,阐述佛理,其中僧人支遁是杰出的一位。他的佛理玄言诗,不仅宣扬佛理,而且在许多方面出现了诸如山水诗的一些描写特征,对后来谢灵运山水诗革新诗风起着不可替代的作用。

In the Eastern Jin Dynasty,ZHANG Zhan＇s The Annotation of Liezi develops the metaphysics to a new stage.It not only reflects Academic thought,but also shows the merging trend of Confucianism,Taoism and Buddhism.Zhidun＇new standpoint of freedom has highly valuable to today＇s studies on Confucianism and Taoism.At the same time,XuanYan Poem come into being in the special period of Chinese literature.The writers elaborate the foreign Buddhism via XuanYan Poem.However,Zhidun＇s XuanYan Poem imply Taoism and Buddhism through mountains and rivers,which impact XIE Lingyun＇ s poem later.