石菖蒲挥发油的基本成分及其药理作用研究进展

Research progress in essential component and pharmacologic actions of volatile oil in Acorus tatarinowii Schott

在传统医学中,石菖蒲为一味开窍醒神的良药,其有效成分多为挥发油。石菖蒲挥发油对CNS具有兴奋、抑制的双向调节作用,可能是基于保护神经元、提高血脑屏障通透性的机理。石菖蒲挥发油除有较好的益智、脑保护作用外,对心血管系统有明显的保护作用,且还有平喘、增强肠管蠕动、抑制吗啡戒断症状等作用。本文对石菖蒲挥发油的主要成分、药理作用等方面进行综述,以期对石菖蒲挥发油部分有较为全面的掌握和认识,并为石菖蒲的深入研究和临床合理用药提供参考和依据。

Acorus tatarinowii Schott.（gramineus） is used for resuscitation and palinesthesia of consciousness in traditional medicine.The mainly active ingredient of gramineus is volatile oil which has two-way regulation of exciting or suppressing CNS that would be based on the mechanism of protecting neurons and improving permeability of the blood-brain barrier.In addition to beneficial intelligence and brain protection,Acorus tatarinowii Schott volatile oil has significant protective effect on the cardiovascular system,and also relieve asthma,enhance intestinal peristalsis,inhibit abstinent symptom of morphine,etc.In this article,we give an overview of the major components and pharmacological effect of gramineus,in order to get a comprehensive understanding and provide reference for further study and rational clinical medication of gramineus.