基于生态和环境用水安全的调入水规模研究

The Study on the Water Diversion Scale Based on the Security Ecology and Environmental Water Usage

为实现调水工程受水区可持续发展,以二元水循环规律为基础,从受水区生态和环境用水水量和水质两方面对调水的规模进行了研究,并建立了与其水资源开发利用系数、污水排放率和区域外与区域内用水比例k相关的生态和环境水安全调入水规模计算模型。以郑州市2010年和2020年不同频率年接受南水北调水为例进行计算和综合评价。结果是:①2020年因污水处理能力限制,平水年生态和环境用水水质水量都受到南水北调调入水规模过大而不合格,需要维持5.312亿m3规模,或对污水进行深度处理,减少污染物排放量;②2010年极度干旱和2020年干旱年和极度干旱年计划调水,kT值小于生态和环境质量达标所求k值,调入水规模还可以增大,分别为2.650、0.096和4.213亿m3;③2010年平水、干旱年和2020年平水年南水北调满足郑州市生态和环境水量要求,但不满足水质要求,给郑州生态和环境容量带来压力;④从生态和环境用水安全角度看,郑州市2010年和2020年平水年、干旱年和极度干旱年从南水北调的引水规模分别是2.687、5.324、5.745、5.312、7.115和7.115亿m3。

In order to achieve the sustainable development of the intake area in the diversion project,we study the water scale from the quality and quantity of the ecology and environmental water usage in the intake area based on the binary water cycle rules.We establish a computational model of the water diversion scale about the ecology and environmental water usage which is relevant to development utilization co-efficiency,sewage emission ratio and water use ratio k from within to outside.In this paper,taking the Zhengzhou city as an example,we use the model to compute and assess the receiving water scale from the south-to-north water transfer project in 2010 and 2020 percent years.The results are： From the perspective of ecological and environmental water security,zhengzhou city,in the year 2010 and 2020 50%,75% and 95 % the water diversion scales from the south-to-north water diversion in different years will be 268.7,532.4,574.5,531.2,711.5 and 711.5 million cubic meters.