人工宝石加工行业职业病危害因素调查

Investigation on Occupational Hazards in Artificial Gemstone Processing Industry

目的掌握广西梧州市人工宝石行业可能存在的职业病危害因素,有利于了解该行业人群的职业健康状况,为制定该行业职业病防治干预措施和为国家制定相关的职业卫生标准提供参考依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,研究以合成立方氧化锆为主要原料的人工宝石加工行业在加工过程中可能产生的职业病危害因素种类、浓(强)度及其危害性。结果该行业主要的职业病危害因素为粉尘(游离SiO2含量小于10%)、噪声、氢氟酸,主要分布在切石、磨石、洗石工种。现场检测结果表明,大部分工种的主要职业病危害因素浓(强)度合格率较高,至今为止尚未发现与人工宝石(合成立方氧化锆)加工作业有关的职业病病例报告。结论梧州市人工宝石加工行业目前的作业方式和防护措施基本可行、有效。

[Objective]To investigate the potential occupational hazards in artificial gemstone processing industry so as to understand the health status of this occupational group,and provide reference for developing occupational disease prevention measures of this industry and the national occupational health standards.[Methods]A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the potential occupational hazards and assess its kinds,intensity（concentration） and harmfulness in the processing industry of artificial gemstone with synthetic cubic zirconia as the main raw material.[Results]The main occupational hazards existing in this industry were dusts（free SiO2 less than 10%）,noise,and hydrofluoric acid,distributing in the operating positions of cutting,grinding and washing.The field test results showed that the qualified rates of main occupational hazards＇ intensity（concentration） were high,and no occupational disease case in association with artificial gemstone processing（synthetic cubic zirconia） has been reported up to now.[Conclusion]Current operating mode and protective measures in artificial gemstone processing industry of Wuzhou City are basically feasible and effective.