核电厂操作员的健康标准和医学监督规定的心理测量问题

Health Standards and Psychological Measurement Issues by Medical Monitoring Requirements for Operators in Nuclear Power Plant

目的探讨核电厂操作员健康标准中心理学测量的一些问题,为进一步完善国家标准提出建议。方法从核电厂操作员可能出现影响正常工作的心理问题来讨论对核电厂操作员需要开展的心理测量内容,并与"核电厂操作员的健康标准和医学监督规定"(GBZ/T 164-2004)相比较。结果通过比较"核电厂操作员的健康标准和医学监督规定"(GBZ/T 164-2004)中,在心理学测量上存在不全面的地方,主要为:①人格测量的不足;②没有各种应急事件对工作人员精神情绪影响的评价;③没有职业兴趣的测量。结论核电厂操作员的心理健康与事故预防密切相关,建议应该进一步完善并制定适合于中国国情的心理测试行业标准,保证在上岗前选拔出心理素质高的操作员,同时,加强在岗操纵员的心理监护和心理辅导,可提高核电厂的运行安全性和充分发挥不同人才的作用,提高核电厂的经济效益和工作效率。

[Objective]To discuss some issues in psychological measurement of health standards for nuclear power plant operator,and put forward suggestion for further improvement of the national standard.[Methods]Some psychological problems,which might influence the normal work of the nuclear power plant operator were identified for developing the content of psychological measurement which were compared with the ＂Health Standards and Medical Monitoring Requirements for Nuclear Power Plant Operator＂（GBZ/T 164-2004）.[Results]Through the comparison with Health Standards and Medical Monitoring Requirements for Nuclear Power Plant Operator＂（GBZ/T 164-2004）,the deficiencies in psychological measurement mainly were ①lack of personality measurement;②lack of evaluation on mental or emotional effect of emergency events on operator;③ lack of occupational interest measurement.[Couclusion]The mental health of nuclear power plant operator is closely associated with accident prevention.Therefore,it is suggested to further improve and develop the psychological tests standards which are suitable for China＇s actual conditions so as to guarantee the selection of operator with good psychological quality before work.Meanwhile,the strengthening of psychological care and psychological counseling can improve the operational safety of nuclear power plants,give full play to the role of different talents and improve the economic efficiency and productivity of the plants.