磷灰石等改良剂对铜污染土壤的修复效果研究——对铜形态分布、土壤酶活性和微生物数量的影响

Amelioration Effect of Apatite and Other Amendments in Cu Contaminated Soil——The Distribution of Cu Forms,Soil Enzyme Activity and Number of Microbial

通过田间小区试验,研究了磷灰石、石灰、木炭、猪粪、铁粉对Cu污染土壤中Cu形态分布、土壤酶活性和微生物数量的影响。结果表明:改良剂的处理减少了离子交换态Cu的百分含量,增加了碳酸盐、铁锰氧化物、有机结合态Cu的百分含量,但对残留态Cu百分含量影响不大。磷灰石、石灰、木炭显著提高了土壤过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶活性和土壤pH,但对脲酶活性影响较小。改良剂不同程度地增加了土壤细菌和真菌数量,且细菌和真菌数量均与土壤pH呈正相关关系,特别是真菌,与pH的相关系数达0.90。pH是影响Cu化学形态、土壤酶活性和微生物数量的主要因素,磷灰石、石灰和木炭显著提高了土壤pH,降低Cu的活性,增加了土壤酶活性和微生物数量,对Cu污染土壤具有较好的修复效果。

The effects of distribution of Cu forms,soil enzymatic activity and amount of microbial were studied in a field experiment after applied with apatite,lime,charcoal,pig manure and iron powder in Cu polluted soil.The results showed that percent of exchange state Cu decreased,percent of carbonate combined state Cu,Fe-Mn oxide combined state Cu and organic combined state Cu increased,but did not influence significantly residual state Cu.The activities of hydrogen peroxidase and acid phosphatase increased with apatite,lime,charcoal application,while urease activity changed little.The amount of bacteria and fungi increased after amendments applied,and positive correlation existed between the amount of microbial and soil pH,especially for fungi,the correlation coefficient reached 0.90（p0.05）.Soil pH is the main factor influenced distribution of Cu forms,soil enzymatic activity and amount of microbial.Apatite,lime and charcoal not only increased soil pH,decreased the activity of Cu in soil,but also enhanced the amount of microbial and soil enzyme activity,and then were considered as the most favorable remediation for Cu contaminated soil.