北京城市空间认知的影响因素分析

AN ANALYSIS OF FACTORS ABOUT SPATIAL COGNITION OF BEIJING CITY

城市空间认知影响因素分析与认知空间格局研究具有同等的重要性。论文基于北京城市空间认知调查问卷数据,引入居民属性等16个变量,利用二值Logistic回归方法,提炼出23个认知地点整体以及交通节点、商场、休闲地三种类型地点的认知影响因素。发现:第一,不同类型地点的认知率影响因素存在异同,其中,存在职住变更是最为显著的共性因子。第二,各类地点中的显著影响因子对认知率的作用大小有明显差异,年龄46—55岁变量是23地点认知率的最重要影响因素,交通节点和商场认知率最重要的影响因素为就业内城四区,而就业地与休闲地距离小于等于6km变量对休闲地认知率的影响最大。第三,各类模型中的影响因素类型不同且影响程度有很大差异,故具有不同属性信息组合的居民认知率不同。

Environmental cognition has become a significant research field in behavioral geography in recent years. It plays a leading role in studying presidents＇ behavioral characters and provides references for spatial behavioral strategies. The research on urban image, place cognition, distance cognition and cognition distortion comprise of urban spatial cognition study. Above urban image study has proposed five key spatial image elements, which contributes valuable theory foundation for urban spatial cognition study. The study on spatial cognition pattern is based on place cognition, which is also the basis of distance cognition and cognition distortion research. The study on factors about urban spatial cognition has the same importance as the research about spatial cognition pattern. Based on the survey data about spatial cognition of Beijing city, introducing 16 variables about citizens＇ attributes etc, binary logistic regression model is utilized extracting factors of place cognition about 23 places, traffic nodes, department stores and parks. There are three conclusions that （1） factors about cognition rate differ among 4 type locations and common factor is experiencing alteration of residence or employment location, showing.cognition rate of residents who have alteration experience is higher than that of not. Individual factor is presented in cognition rate of traffic nodes and parks. The former it is manager variable among job type variables and the latter the variable of the most little child＇s study course in a family; （2） the function of factors in each type differs distinctively. Age variable especially 46-55 years old most affects cognition rate of 23 locations. However, employment location variable particularly four districts inner city has most close relation with cognition rate of both traffic nodes and department stores. The most significant factor about park cognition is the variable of distance less than 6km between employment location and parks; （3） every factor in each place cognition type belongs to different attribute variables and has distinctive function on cognition rate so it is diversity in presidents＇ place cognition.