探矿权采矿权与所有权收益之关系的思考

Study on Relations of Ownership Income and Exploration Right,Mining Right

分析和探讨了探矿权和采矿权的内涵和实质,研究分析了国家作为矿产资源所有者、投资者和社会管理者3个不同身份对于探矿权采矿权的不同的权利职责、影响和作用。认为探矿权价款实际上是弄清家底(矿产资源)所付出的代价,而采矿权价款则是国家凭借所有权获得的所有权收益。探矿权使用费和采矿权使用费则是国家作为管理者对矿产资源进行监督管理的体现。探矿权采矿权的设立和实现,是国家作为矿产资源所有者实现其所有权收益的过程,是国家作为投资者获得投资收益的过程,同时也是国家作为管理者进行监督管理和提供服务以及促进国民经济健康发展的过程,当然也是探矿权人和采矿权人获得相应合理经营收益的过程。

In the paper,the meaning and essence of exploration right and mining right are discussed,then the responsibilities and effect of the state,who embodies three statuses as the owner,investor and governor,on the exploration right and mining right of mineral resources are analyzed.It is considered that the price of exploration right is the cost of mineral resources prospect,and the price of mining right is the ownership income of mineral resources which belongs to state.The charges of using the exploration and mining rights are the expenses of mineral resources supervision and control implemented by state as the governor.The foundation and realization of exploration right and mining right is the procedure that state as the owner of mineral resources get his ownership income,that state as investor get his invest income,and that state as governor supervise and provide services,certainly that exploration licensees and mining licensees get their reasonable income from operation.