农村留守儿童友谊质量与孤独感、抑郁的关系研究

Affection of Left Children's Friendship Quality on Loneliness and Depression

目的:探讨农村留守儿童友谊质量状况及其与孤独感、抑郁的关系。方法:采用友谊质量量表(FQI)、儿童孤独量表(CLS)和儿童抑郁量表(CDI)对河南省250名中小学留守儿童和212名非留守儿童进行了测试。结果:①单亲外出留守儿童友伴冲突和抑郁得分显著低于其他儿童。②友谊质量显著预测单亲外出留守儿童的孤独感和抑郁,显著预测双亲外出留守儿童的孤独感。③友谊质量对留守时间在1年以下儿童孤独感的预测作用大于2-4年;对留守时间在1年以下儿童的抑郁有显著预测作用。④友谊质量对初中留守儿童孤独感和抑郁的预测作用均显著大于小学留守儿童。结论:友谊质量在一定条件下能缓冲留守压力对儿童的影响,是留守儿童心理健康的一个保护因素。

Objective： To explore the relationships among friendship quality,loneliness and depression of rural left children.Methods： 250 parents-left-for-work（PLW） adolescents and 212 parents-stay-at-home（PSH） adolescents finished Friendship Quality Inventory（FQI）,Children＇s Loneliness Scale（CLS） and Children＇s Depression Inventory（CDI）.Results： ①Single-parents-left-for-work（SPLW） adolecents group had significantly lower friend conflict and depression score than others.②Friendship quality significantly predicted SPLW children＇s loneliness and depression,and significantly predicted both-parents-left-children＇s（APLW） loneliness.③Friendship quality had larger predictive effect on the one-year left children＇s loneliness and could predict their depression.④Friendship quality significantly predicted junior middle school left children＇s loneliness and depression more than primary school children＇s.Conclusion： Loneliness and depression can be protected by friendship under some circumstances.