埃及伊蚊传播西尼罗病毒的媒介效能研究

Experimental studies on the potential of Aedes aegypti to transmit West Nile virus in China

目的研究我国埃及伊蚊传播西尼罗病毒的潜在能力。方法人工配制病毒血餐感染埃及伊蚊并进行传播实验,应用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT?PCR)、病毒分离和间接免疫荧光法(IFA)检测蚊虫和来亨鸡体内病毒。结果动物实验结果表明敏感动物来亨鸡感染西尼罗病毒后,第2天其体内病毒量达到最高,说明进行传播实验后的第2天是检测传播是否成功的最佳时间。感染与传播实验结果表明埃及伊蚊对西尼罗病毒的感染率达到了63.3%,而且通过刺叮敏感动物(来亨鸡)能够传播该病毒,其传播率为30.0%。结论在未来我国可能的西尼罗热暴发中,埃及伊蚊可能成为其在海南等地的潜在传播媒介。

Objective To evaluate the potential of Aedes aegypti to transmit West Nile virus（WNV） in China.Methods Ae.aegypti was infected orally with WNV and after 12 to 14 days＇ incubation allowed to transmit the virus through bite wounds.RT-PCR,virus isolation with C6/36 and indirect immunofluorescence assay were implimented to detect WNV in experimentally infected mosquitoes and Leghorn chicken.Results It was found that the WNV loaded in the susceptible host leghorn was the highest in the 2nd day after infection,indicating that it was the best time for the evaluation of the transmission.Ae.aegypti could be infected by WNV with a susceptibility rate of 63.3%,and transmitted the virus to healthy Leghorn chicken by bite wounds with a transmission rate is 30.0%.Conclusion Ae.aegypti is a potential vector of WNV in some areas such as Hainan province,likely to cause outbreaks of West Nile fever in China in future.Actions are to be taken for the control and prevention of the vecor.