中国媒介蚊虫对有机磷类和拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的抗性调查

Investigation of organophosphate and pyrethroid resistance in vector mosquitoes in China

蚊虫由于其特殊的行为、生理以及与人类生活关系紧密而成为传播人类疾病的重要媒介,自20世纪化学杀虫剂广泛使用后,蚊虫就与这种环境变化协同进化,即通过生理生化多种机制产生抗药性。该文综述了自90年代以来,我国7种媒介蚊虫尖音库蚊复组、中华按蚊、三带喙库蚊、微小按蚊、雷氏按蚊、白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊对有机磷类和拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的抗性调查结果。这些媒介蚊虫对两类杀虫剂均产生了一定程度的抗药性。对有机磷类杀虫剂进行抗性检测比较多的农药是马拉硫磷和敌敌畏,只有少数地区表现为敏感,大部分地区的蚊虫对其表现出不同程度的抗性。拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂是近年使用最广泛的杀虫剂,大部分检测地区的蚊虫对该类杀虫剂也表现出不同程度的抗性。

Mosquitoes,due to their special behavior,physiology and close relationship with human beings,act as important vectors of some human diseases.The resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides is considered to be a recent evolutionary adaptation to environmental changes in response to the use of chemical insecticides.In this review we summarize the resistance monitor data on organophosphate and pyrethroid resistance in seven mosquito species in China（Culex pipiens complex,Anopheles sinensis,Cx.tritaeniorhynchus,An.minimus,An.lesteri,Aedes albopictus and Ae.aegypti） since 1990s.The documents showed that these mosquitoes in most regions of China have evolved to be resistant at various levels to organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides,even though some of them still keep sensitive to the two kinds of insecticides.