鼠疫菌全基因组单核苷酸多态性研究进展

Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism of Yersinia pestis

单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNPs)主要是指在基因组水平上由单个核苷酸的变异所引起的DNA序列多态性,包括同义SNPs(synonymous SNPs,sSNPs)和非同义SNPs(non?synonymous SNPs,nSNPs)。随着测序技术的迅速发展,获得了大量细菌全基因组序列,使得通过测序技术及生物信息学方法寻找潜在的SNPs位点成为可能。并且,由于SNPs本身的特性,使其作为一种新的分子标记,在细菌分型与进化、流行病学调查研究中得到广泛应用。该文主要阐述基于全基因组寻找SNPs位点,并建立以SNPs数据为基础的鼠疫菌微进化研究分析的研究进展状况。

Single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs） mainly refer to the polymorphism of DNA sequence caused by a single nucleotide mutation,including the synonymous SNPs and non-synonymous SNPs.With the rapid development of sequencing technology,a large number of bacterial genome sequences are available.So,it＇s possible to identify potential SNPs sites by sequencing technology and bioinformatics methods.Also,SNPs,because of their own characteristics,have been widely used as a new molecular marker in bacterial genotyping,evolution and epidemiology research.In this paper,advances in the research on the genome-wide search of SNPs sites and analysis of the Yersinia pestis microevolution based on SNPs data are reviewed.