民国时期康藏贸易中的“统制”

The Policy of "Control" on Xikang-Tibet Trade in the Republic of China

20世纪三四十年代,面对日本侵略",统制"成为民国政府经济政策的基本手段与核心内容。"统制"在康藏贸易中也被运用,并引起相关方激烈争议。康藏贸易中的"统制",在民国政府及利益相关公司看来,有利于汉藏沟通联系,经济与政治交融而相济,维护国家统一完整。而在汉藏民众看来,"统制"改变了以往的贸易传统,甚至改变了部分生活习俗。因"统制"而带来的与民争利,使中小商人、生产者以及之前其他既得利益者受到甚大影响。在一个国家民族多事之秋、民众生存艰难之际,康藏贸易中"统制"之作用,很难一言以概之。

During 1930s and 1940s,the policy of 'control' became the essential method and the central content of economic policy of the Republic of China Government because of Japanese invasion.It was also introduced into the trade between Xikang and Tibet.On the one hand,the 'control' in Xikang-Tibet Trade promoted the interaction and exchanges between Hans and Tibetans.It also helped the integration of the politics and economy as well as the integrity of the country.However,to ordinary Han and Tibetan people,this policy changed their old trade tradition and even their living styles since it took away the profits of trade from merchants,manufacturers and those who had benefited.Thus,it is very hard to summarize the roles of the 'control' policy in that troubled and difficult times.