精料与白酒糟的不同比例对夏季肉牛生产性能及血液生化指标的影响

Effect of Different Protion of Concentrate and Distilled Grain on Production Performance and Blood Biochemical Parameters of Beef Cattle

试验旨在研究精料与白酒糟的不同比例对夏季肉牛生产性能及血液生化指标的影响。试验采用单因子设计,选用年龄、体重(345 kg±22 kg)相近、健康无病的西门塔尔杂交牛(西门塔尔×本地黄牛)24头,随机分成4组,饲喂不同日粮(精料与白酒糟的干物质比例分别为1∶1、1∶1.5、1∶2.5、1∶3.5;青干草饲喂量各处理均相同)。结果表明,试验全期舍内温湿度指数最低为72.18,供试验牛处于高湿热应激环境;试验中随着白酒糟饲喂比例的增加,干物质总采食量增加(P<0.05);精料与白酒糟比例为1∶1.5时,日增重相对最高(P>0.05),比1∶1组提高了11.25%,比1∶2.5组和1∶3.5组提高了12.66%;1∶1.5处理组增重效益也最高(P>0.05),比最低组(1∶1组)提高了40.64%,血清中总蛋白、白蛋白含量以1∶1.5组最高(P<0.05),其余血液生化指标各处理无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上所述,夏季热应激条件下肥育肉牛,精料与白酒糟的干物质比例以1∶1.5为适宜比例,能改善机体蛋白质代谢水平,提高生长速度;白酒糟饲喂比例过高时,反而降低架子牛育肥中的增重效益。

Cattle performance and blood biochemical parameters were examined to evaluate the best treatment.24 healthy Simmental cross cattles（Simmental × local cattle）,weighing（345±22） kg,were randomly divided into four groups,corresponding to 4 dietary treatments varying with the ratios of concentrate and distilled grain which were 1∶1,1∶1.5,1∶2.5,1∶3.5.All the cattle were offered the same amount of hay.The results showed that the whole experiment the lowest temperature and humidity index was 72.18,beef cattle were in the state of heat stress.With the increase of distilled grain,the total intake of dry matter increased,and had the significant difference（P0.05）.The daily gain of 1∶1.5 group was relatively high（P0.05）,it was highest than the 1∶1 group for 11.25%.And compared with the 1∶2.5 or 1∶3.5 group,it was improved by 12.66%.And the weight gain efficiency of 1∶1.5 group was highest（P0.05）.Compared with the minimum group,it was increased by 40.64%.The total protein,albumin levels of serum in 1∶1.5 group was also highest（P0.05）.The remaining blood parameters of each treatment had no significant difference（P0.05）.To sum up,fattening beef cattle under heat stress conditions in summer,the best proportion of concentrate and distilled grain was 1∶1.5,which improved the protein metabolism and the growth rate.When feeding high proportion of distilled grain,it reduced the weight gain efficiency of feeder cattle.