受艾滋病影响儿童心理弹性的保护性因素研究

Research on Protective Factors of Resilience among Children in HIV/AIDS Families

目的调查山西省某艾滋病比较集中的地区,探讨该区受艾滋病影响儿童心理弹性的保护性因素。方法采用儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表(SCARED)和儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC),将受艾滋病影响儿童筛分为心理弹性组与非弹性组,再用青少年心理韧性量表对两组进行调查。结果①心理弹性组与非弹性组在性别、亲人丧失状况、失学状况以及病情知晓状况上的差异没有统计学意义(χ2=1.227,P=0.268;χ2=0.109,P=0.742;χ2=0.047,P=0.829;χ2=0.599,P=0.439);②心理弹性组与非弹性组在目标专注、家庭支持上的差异没有统计学意义(t=1.920,P=0.058;t=1.789,P=0.077),在心理弹性总分、情绪控制、积极认知、人际协助上的差异有统计学意义(t=3.794,P=0.000;t=4.175,P=0.000;t=2.216,P=0.029;t=2.486,P=0.015)。结论情绪控制、积极认知、人际协助、拥有目标是受艾滋病影响儿童心理弹性的保护性因素,心理干预措施应从这几个方面着手。

Objective To explore the protective factors of resilience among children in HIV/AIDS families in Shanxi.Methods Children in HIV/AIDS families were allocated into resilience group and non-resilience group by the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders and Depression Self-rating Scale for Children.Then the two groups were investigated by the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents.Results ①Significant differences were not found between the resilience group and non-resilience group in gender,conditions of loss,education and knowledge of AIDS.②Significant differences were not found in focus of goals and support of families between the resilience group and non-resilience group;while such differences were found in total scores of resilience,control of emotion,positive cognition and interpersonal help between the two groups.Conclusion Control of emotion,positive cognition,interpersonal help and owning a goal are protective factors of resilience for the chicdren affected by HIV/AIDS and these factors should be considered in psychological intervention.