纷:悬空的修饰语——兼论屈赋的韵律节奏

Fen:Suspended Modifier——Also Discussing Qu Fu's Rhyme

屈赋中居于句首的修饰语"纷"在一定条件下,与其处在宾语位置上的名词中心语间隔出现,形成"纷……x+名词中心语"的悬空格局。悬空的条件是:修饰语"纷"的中心语在宾语位置上已经与一个修饰语x紧邻共现。悬空的原因是:(1)与修饰语x相比,"纷"同名词中心语的语义关系相对较远;(2)修饰语x已经与名词中心语在句中组合成一个标准音步,更外层的修饰语"纷"必须被安置在句首一端,才能保证诗行主体部分仍是标准音步构成的韵律节奏。悬空的作用:(1)诗行主体的双音节节奏,是对《诗经》确立的标准音步的重复和回应,以确认屈赋作为诗的性质。(2)安置在诗行之首的非标准音步,是屈赋的创造,它们形成了楚辞不同于《诗经》的错落悠扬之美。

The modifier fen appearing in the beginning of sentences is split from its noun head in the object position,forming ＂fen——x＋noun modifier＂ suspended pattern.The condition of suspension is that the head of modifier fen and another modifier x adjacent to it co-exists.The reason for suspension is：（1）compared with modifier x,fen is relatively far from the semantic relation of noun head;（2）modifier x and noun head have formed one standard foot in the sentence and modifier fen must be placed in the beginning so as to guarantee that the main part of poetic line forms the rhyme of standard foot.The function of suspension is：（1）disyllable rhyme of the main part of the poetic line is the repetition and response of standard foot established in Book of Odes and is the nature of Qu Fu as poem.（2）the nonstandard foot placed in the beginning of poetic line is the creation of Qu Fu,forming melodious beauty of Chu poem different from Book of Odes.