不同方法萃取紫草中挥发油的比较

Comparison on Extraction of Volatile Oils from Lithospermum erythrorhizon by Different Methods

目的:采用超声强化亚临界水萃取紫草中挥发油,与超声辅助溶剂萃取、水蒸汽蒸馏法进行比较。方法:考察了挥发油萃取率、萃取物中组成成分、对DPPH自由基的清除能力和还原能力以及对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果。结果:超声强化亚临界水萃取、超声辅助溶剂萃取及水蒸汽蒸馏的挥发油萃取率分别为2.39%、1.93%和0.62%;3种方法得到的挥发油中都检测出6种主要成分,但水蒸汽蒸馏和超声辅助溶剂得到的挥发油还检测出更多的杂质。水蒸汽蒸馏萃取得到的挥发油还原能力及对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果最强,超声强化亚临界水萃取的活性最差。结论:超声强化亚临界水萃取挥发油萃取率最高,含杂质成分少,主要表现在还原能力和抑菌效果最差。

Objective：To extract the volatile oils from Lithospermum erythrorhizon via ultrasound-enhanced sub-critical water extraction（USWE）and compare with ultrasound-enhanced solvent extraction（USE）and steam distillation extraction（SD）.Methods：The extraction yield of the volatile oils,the containing components of extract,the effect of scanvenging activities on free radical DPPH and reducing activities as well as the inhibitory on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus were investigated.Results：The extraction yield of volatile oils by USWE,USE and SD were 2.39%,1.93% and 0.62%,respectively,the extracts by three methods all contained six major components,but the extracts by SD and USE contained more impurities.The inhibitory effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus of the extract by SD and its reducing action were the best,but those by USWE were the worst.Conclusion：the extraction yield of volatile oils by USWE is the highest,and it contains less impurities based on the worst in reducing power and inhibitory effects.